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Sample of Nursing Research Critique: Caritas and Job Environment

Posted on June 18, 2018 - 11:45 am by

nursing article critiqueWriting a nursing research critique requires a student to read thoroughly and use critical thinking to come up with a coherent paper that shows that the given student understands a given topic or piece of literature. Are you having challenges in writing your nursing article critique? If yes, then you might want to contact us as we are ready to help you. We have among the best writers who offer assistance with writing a critique paper. In other words, you can trust our nursing writing and editing services as they are offered by professionals. Presented below is a sample of a nursing critique paper that can guide you in coming up with your own original work.

Introduction

Caring is  viewed as the core factor in the nursing sector. Most nurses go out of their way to assist the patients in getting proper medication and care. Therefore, most studies have been conducted to understand the relationship between the individual characteristics, and the patient satisfaction and outcomes. This critique is focused on research by Berry et al. (2013) that examined the caring factor survey (CFS) and the healthcare environment survey (HES). The study aimed at expounding on the knowledge that poorer work environments are associated with higher levels of care. Therefore, nurses were contacted from the mid-sized community-based hospital from Midwest area in the United States. The nurses answered the CFS survey questions whereas patients answered the HES survey questions.

Research Design

The research study by Berry et al. (2013) used primary data collected from a medical, surgical unit with 400-beds in a hospital from the Midwestern United States. The nurses recruited in this study were permanent employees of the hospital. This method was important in enhancing the validity of the study because such nurses are aware of the hospital.  Further, the patients recruited for this study were required to be 18 years and above, and English speaking. Choosing such patients for the study was effective in eliminating the language barrier and enhancing the results of the study because in most cases, the meaning is lost during the translation.

The research study used a convenience sampling technique to recruit the participants of the study. The convenient sampling technique method was appropriate for this study because the patients and nurses were concentrated in one hospital. Therefore, the technique eliminated the need to have additional costs involved when sourcing the participants. In addition, the researchers were assured of the data from the participants because they requested permission from the hospital network’s IRB before the beginning of the study. All data collected from the participants was collected on anonymity basis, which is a good way of ensuring that participants confidently give their views truthfully on the issue being investigated. The researchers ensured that all patients who agreed to participate in the study answered the survey questions by reading or marking the survey. As a result, this ensured that 99% of the patients recruited participated in the study, with just one refusing to participate.

The Berry et al. (2013) study used a cross-sectional research design method. Cross-sectional research design allows the researchers to study a group of people at a single point in time. The type of research does not allow the participants to manipulate the research variables, which helps in streamlining the results. The cross-sectional research design also enables the researchers to study prevailing characteristics in a population. However, the shortcoming of the cross-sectional study is descriptive; this means that they cannot describe the cause and effect of different variables. Therefore, the research by Berry et al. (2013) could not have examined the factors that influence the relationship between the environment and caring element of nurses. Cross-sectional design also allowed different variables in this study, such as the level of nurses’ education, marriage status, age, and the number of hours worked in the hospital.

Data Collection Procedures

The data collection procedure for this study was very clear. The nurses who participated in this study were required to fill the HES survey, which was to be returned to the research team in a sealed and unmarked envelope. As a token of appreciation, the nurses who completed the research were awarded with a $50 gift card. Nurses who participated in the research were required to contact the patients they had treated requesting for their willingness to participate in the same study. Patients who agreed to partake in the study were required to fill the CFS form. The research nurse was allowed to read and mark the research survey for the patients. There were 20 nurses who participated in the study, and each nurse was required to recruit ten patients whom they had treated in the past. As a result, there were 200 units for the data analysis from the HES and CFS surveys. The sample size used in this study reflected the study needs because they helped in achieving data saturation. The researcher’s role as also well explained in how the data was to be collected from the participants and the tools that were used such as surveys.

Data Analysis

The data was collected using a 7-point Likert scale, which is 4 denotes the neutrality useful in indicating the level of disagreement or agreement with an opinion. The level of an issue being raised in the research. Data surveys collected were analyzed using the ANOVA software that was used to determine the relationship between the nurses’ HES score and the variability within CFS. Further, ANOVA was also used to examine if there existed a relationship between HES score and the patients’ CFS score. The results indicated that patients’ perceptions of a caring nurse were significantly influenced by the nurse’s relationship with the physicians, work environment, relationship with other nurses, workload, feeling about executive team members, and professional patient care index. Therefore, the findings simply indicate that the patient’s perceptions of nurses’ increase with the increase in nurse’s HES score. The relationships that nurse have with the physicians and other health professionals influenced the perceptions of the patients. More workload and healthy relationships meant that the patients’ perception of care also increased.

The results of this study significantly show a positive correlation between HES and CFS. These results mean that as the nurses’ perceptions of the work environment are increased, the patient’s perception of caring also increased. Further, the study significantly shows that higher scores on the workload HES raised the CFS scores. The results of the study are easy to follow because the researchers clearly described the process followed in recruiting participants, collecting and analyzing data, as well as how the results were presented. The results were presented in form of a table, and descriptive information was offered that helped in improving the clarity of the study. The effective writing of the results and research processes helped in promoting the understanding of the paper.

Conclusion

The results of this study are very relevant to the nursing field because they help the nurses understand the perceptions patients’ have towards caring. The nurses could help in improving patients’ satisfaction and outcomes through some of the issues discussed in this study. The results indicate that strong relationships between the nurses and physicians, nurses and nurses, and increased satisfaction in HES workload improved patients’ perceptions. The results are relevant to the nurses and patients because they each address the attitudes that they have towards each other in the delivery of services. The results of this study were obtained from a centralized area. Therefore, it might be difficult for them to be applied in other hospitals. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate how the relationship between job environment and perceptions of care affect patients at the individual level.

References

M Berry, D., Beth Kaylor, M., Church, J., Campbell, K., McMillin, T., & Wamsley, R. (2013). Caritas and job environment: A replication of Persky et al. Contemporary nurse, 43(2), 237-243.

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Sample Marketing Assignment: Servicescape Model for Ginger Brand of Hotel Chains

Posted on October 30, 2017 - 7:24 pm by

Business students who are majoring in marketing come across different assignments including case studies requiring the application of critical thinking skills. In such, marketing case studies or assignments, students are required to apply the concepts learned in class to real life business problems. This can be quite challenging especially when a learner lacks critical thinking and analysis skills. This is why most students seek marketing case study assignment help from online academic writing services such as prolificresearchpaperwriters.com. Our marketing case study writers have worked on different marketing assignments and they have proved their worth by assisting students to get A+.  Here is a sample marketing case study that scholars may come across in their studies.

Question

Apply the servicescape model to Ginger: smart Basic case study using Bitner, Durna and the pages I am attaching from : Lovelock, C. & Wirtz, J. (2011) Services Marketing: People, Technology, Strategy, 7th Edition, Pearson.
Answer

Introduction

The case study focuses on a hotel chain that is based in India and is known as Ginger. The hotel chain targets the economy market segment which has been neglected by other players in the market. Ginger seeks to set its brand apart by providing affordable accommodation and related services that are characterized by convenience, simplicity, affordability, modernity, style, and warmth among others. This paper applies the servicescape model on the Ginger brand.

The Servicescape Model

The model focuses on the components of the physical environment within which service delivery takes place. The servicescape model is founded on the hypothesis that the physical environment has an influence on both employee and customer behaviors. Additionally, the physical environment can facilitate or serve as a limitation towards the attainment of internal and external marketing goals in an organization. In the hospitality industry, it can be utilized to conveniently assess the customer experiences (Bitner, 1992). Notably, the model is made up of both substantive components and communicative components. Examples of communicative components include politeness, concern, and culture delivery. Substantive components include décor and design, ambience service, and convenience among others (Durna, Dedeoglu, & Balikçioglu, 2015).

The key dimensions of the service environment as the ambient conditions, space or functionality, and signs, symbols, and artifacts. It is important to ensure that the dimensions fit together holistically since the service environment can lead to diverse customer and employee responses. However, the responses are moderated by different factors. For example, the responses are moderated by cognitive, emotional, and psychological factors. Cognitive factors include beliefs, categorization, and symbolic meaning while emotional factors include feelings, moods, and attitudes. On the other hand, the psychological factors are composed of pain, comfort, movement, and physical fit (Lovelock & Wirtz, 2011).

Applying the Servicescape Model to Ginger Brand of Hotel Chains

The servicescape model can be related to the dimensions of Ginger’s service concept. For example, the Ginger hotels align their facilities with the modern lifestyles by leveraging technology in order to attain efficiency. Additionally, this leads to simplicity and convenience in the business process. Besides, this resonates with the middle class customers and influence their beliefs and attitudes towards the hotels. For example, the use of emails for booking rooms and the use of payment gateways creates an impression that the hotels’ processes are very efficient. Bitner (1992) emphasized that the customers’ perspectives towards the servicescape lead to cognitive responses which determine their beliefs about the businesses employees and products. Additionally, customers are able to categorize a firm based on their perceptions of the servicescape. For example, clients may categorize the Ginger hotels as stylish and modern based on the use of technology to achieve different tasks in the hotels. Notably, the brand can leverage this component in its advertisements with the aim of enhancing this image and using at as factor for attracting customers (Durna et al., 2015). This is because customers utilize extrinsic cues to infer or form beliefs about quality of the services provided by a business (Bitner, 1992).

Ginger hotels also focus on creating an impression of style and warmth. The brand uses compact fluorescent lights (CFL), natural lighting, auto-time managed air-conditioning, and energy-efficient hydro-pneumatic systems. These components create an ambience that is very conducive for customers. According to Lovelock and Wirtz (2011) ambient conditions affect the customers’ emotional well-being, attitudes, and behaviors. Consequently, it is important to create a service environment that is desired by customers. The authors noted that lighting, temperature, and smells as some of the factors that impact on ambience. Notably, customers are willing to consume services which are provided within an ambient environment (Bitner, 1992).

The hotels have a conducive layout, equipment, and furnishings. The Ginger brand considers all types of travelers ranging from the lone travelers and people with disabilities. Additionally, the rooms have ergonomic working areas, coffee makers, and mini-fridges among other equipment. The use of posture-pedic mattresses enhances the customer experiences through the concept of SMART Sleep. The equipment facilitates functionality in the hotels by aiding service provision. Additionally, the equipment also ensures that the customers have a positive service experience (Lovelock & Wirtz, 2011).

Employees are also key stakeholders of the servicescape model. The Ginger brand invests in the workers by training them. The firm recruits top talent from the hotel management school through the use of a multi-step recruitment and training process. Additionally, the company also provides career progression opportunities to its employees. The employees are motivated through non-monetary rewards such as developing their competencies. The firm makes use of in-house training, induction, training operations, and e-learning modules. Training can enable employees to acquire the right attitudes and behaviors such as politeness that are important for service delivery within the hospitality industry (Durna et al., 2015).

However, the Ginger brand needs to work on its communication to customers in order to avoid customer complaints and negative feedback. The case study indicates that at times customers are not aware that the company does not provide room service, valet, and concierge. This has created an expectation-perception gap. The company needs to utilize more explicit signs and symbols to communicate this message to the customers.

Conclusion

The servicescape model can be applied to improve service delivery within the hospitality industry. Hotels should focus on the key components of the model as a means of enhancing the customer experience and creating a positive brand image. These components include ambient conditions, space or function, and signs, symbols, and artifacts. Hotels should also recognize that employees are key stakeholders in efficient service delivery. In this regard, they should invest in and motivate employees through career development opportunities and monetary and non-monetary rewards.

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Case Study Writing Help

Posted on April 13, 2017 - 4:42 pm by

Students are usually presented with case study assignments from time to time. Case studies normally call for critical thinking skills in order to alienate the problem afflicting a particular company or community and point out the appropriate solutions. At prolificresearchpaperwriters.com, we offer unmatched case study writing help. We have experienced writers who have handled numerous case study assignments. As such, they are familiar with both the analytical approach and problem-oriented method of handling case study assignments. Notably, both approaches entail scrutinizing the case study in order to understand the occurrences, their justifications, and suggestions to suitable solutions. Notably, students should be able to identify the issues in a case study,  select the key problems, establish the alternatives for solving the problems, and propose the best solution from the alternatives. Moreover, the learners should outline how the solution should be implemented to optimize the results. Are you looking for help with writing a case study?If yes, you can contact our customer care support and we will be more than willing to work on your case study assignment. We offer original writing services, meaning that your case study will be 100% free of plagiarism. Besides, we support our arguments with credible sources drawn from recent journal articles and books. This is very crucial since case studies involve the application of theory to practical situations. Notably, such assignments give the students an opportunity to apply what they learned in class to practical scenarios. Importantly, our case study writers apply superior critical thinking skills to ensure that our clients get superior case study assignments. Ideally, A case study should be organized into the executive summary, the introduction, findings, discussion, conclusion, recommendation, implementation, references, and the appendices. The executive summary should present a synopsis of the entire paper while the introduction should give the readers a preview of the occurrences in the case. The findings should outline the problems in the case which should be supported by the available facts and literature. The discussion should present a summary of the key issues accompanied by alternative solutions to the challenges. On the other hand, the conclusion should wrap up the key points while the recommendation should present the best alternative. The implementation outlines how the best alternative should be put into actual practice and the associated costs where necessary. However, the structure is at times fluid since case study assignments can also take the following format: background/overview of the problem, problem statement, alternatives, recommendations, conclusion, and references. The second approach is especially suitable where the assignments are not lengthy. Kindly, feel free to contact us for assistance with your case study assignment. In our case study writing services, we guarantee quality and affordable prices for our esteemed clients. Do not be left behind, contact us now and start enjoying our quality case study writing services. You can order with your debit or credit card or via Paypal.

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A Termination by Any Other Name: Sample APA Case Study

Posted on November 5, 2016 - 6:45 pm by

Looking for experienced case study writers? You have found the right custom writing firm. We have professionals who are ever ready to offer assistance when our clients request for urgent case study help.  You can review one of our pre-written sample case study below.

Introduction

            Jeffrey Deck is an Assistant Federal Security Director attached to the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) at Raleigh-Durham Airport, North Carolina. Jeffrey is being terminated due to reports he had filed implicating his supervisor Bob Jewel of incompetence and misconduct including a highly publicized security breach at the airport. The reports had attracted the attention of the TSA’s Professional Review Board (PRB) which is responsible for reviewing allegations of misconduct and mismanagement among TSA’s senior officials. After the review, the board decided to terminate both Jeffrey and Bob. Jeffrey was notified about a meeting between him and the board through email three weeks to the meeting.  However, the board acknowledged that Jeffrey was not responsible for the misconduct since Bob, the Security Director, was responsible for providing leadership. TSA gave Jeffrey the option of resigning for ‘personal reasons’ as opposed to summary dismissal without benefits.

TSA representatives denied Jeffrey the opportunity to view the contents of his dismissal letter. The justification for this was that by viewing the contents of the letter, Jeffrey would have been served with a termination notice, prompting TSA to file the termination details including the reason for termination in Jeffrey’s file. Summary dismissal would prevent Jeffrey from being considered for federal employment opportunities in the future. Jeffrey noted that he could contest the removal proposal. However, the board was adamant that a change in management was required and pressured Jeffrey to take the resignation option. On request for three days time to consider the decision and consult with his attorney, Jeff was given an hour to call his attorney. Jeffrey is indirectly being terminated for whistle blowing on his supervisor.  By reporting the mismanagement of the security docket, Jeffrey brought out the incompetence and irresponsibility of top leadership in the docket. The PRB after its review was, therefore, convinced of the need to change the docket’s management personnel.

Body

            Jeffrey reported Bob’s misconduct without first engaging him on the same. This indicates Jeffrey’s inability to establish a proper and honest relationship with his boss. However, by reporting the mismanagement, Jeffrey took the right action since employees have a responsibility of reporting misconduct and mismanagement by their seniors. This responsibility is founded on laws such as Sarbanes-Oxley Act that encourages corporate officers to fight corporate mismanagement (Watnick, 2007). Nevertheless, Jeffrey overlooked the alternative of first raising the mismanagement concerns with Bob before reporting them. Raising the concerns with Bob, may have elicited a better relationship between Jeffrey and Bob. In doing so, Jeffrey would have used the strategy of substantiality whereby subordinates manage their leaders by offering important information and guidance to the leaders (McShane & Von Glinow, 2010). This would also have served as a wake up call for Bob to consider the impact of his decisions and conduct on other members of his team. This is founded on the concept of centrality since leaders such as Bob are closer to the organizational internal structure and have higher levels of control (McShane & Von Glinow, 2010). It is very unlikely that Jeffrey would be able to establish and maintain strong relationships with the TSA, especially if his attorney were to advise him to sue the TSA for wrongful dismissal. Failure to take the provided option would also jeopardize future relationships with other federal service leaders since he would not be in a position to gain federal employment. However, there are minimal chances that a relationship with the TSA could be maintained if he decides to retire voluntarily.

Jeffrey is a responsible leader who upholds integrity and professionalism. This argument is founded on the fact that he readily reported the misconduct of his boss. Moreover, the conduct and decisions of leaders are informed by their character and ethical values (Chadler, 2009).  His integrity, responsibility and regard for organizational procedures, is evident from his concern over misconduct including the security breach whereby more than 200 bags on a flight to New York were not screened for security purposes. Additionally, rising to the Assistant Federal Security Director is also evidence that Jeffrey effectively managed his professional responsibilities and priorities.

Jeffrey communicates effectively, both verbally and in writing. This is founded on the fact that he was able to effectively relay Bob’s misconduct in the reports he filed. He also demonstrates effective verbal communication during his meeting with the TSA representatives. Lack of communication between Jeffrey and Bob contributed to the problem. The problem is, however, amplified by the PRB board’s decision to review TSA’s management.  Communication is an essential tool for conflict management in organizations (Spaho, 2013). Though, negotiations between Jeffrey and the PRB representatives could resolve the issue, the representatives are very adamant on Jeffrey’s resignation. The board also appears to be in a hurry and negotiations are time consuming (Bornstein & Gilula, 2003).  This position could further amplify the issue especially if Jeffrey were to refuse to resign and sue the TSA over wrongful dismissal.

The issue was not properly resolved. This is majorly attributed to the adamant position of TSA’s representatives who stressed that Jeffrey should either retire or be dismissed summarily. This hindered negotiation efforts between the two parties. TSA representatives especially adopted a threat strategy during the meeting by stressing the consequences of failure to resign voluntarily. A threat tactic is founded on deterrence whereby, during negotiations the side holding a better position presents the weaker side with the consequences of failing to accept the proposed solution (Spaho, 2013). Further, there was no reference to organizational disciplinary and termination procedures.

Conclusion

            The issue would have been handled in a better manner if the parties had referred to disciplinary and termination procedures. Public sector firms should adopt such procedures in order to fairly deal with employee disciplinary and termination issues. This would also eliminate chances of lawsuits from unfairly terminated employees. Management changes should also be carried out in a manner that promotes fairness and justice especially to responsible leaders. Employees who uphold high integrity should be rewarded rather than punished.

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References

Bornstein, G., & Gilula, Z. (2003). Between-group communication and conflict resolution in assurance and chicken games. Journal of Conflict Resolution, 47(3), 326-339.

Chandler, D. J. (2009). The perfect storm of leader’s unethical behavior: A conceptual framework. International Journal of Leadership Studies, 5(1), 70-93.

McShane, S. L., & Von Glinow, M. A. Y. (2010). Organizational behavior: Emerging knowledge and practice for the real world. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

Spaho, K. (2013). Organizational communication and conflict management. Management: Journal of Contemporary Management Issues, 18(1), 103-118.

Watnick, V. (2007). Whistleblower protections under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act: A primer and a critique. Fordham Journal of Corporate & Financial Law, 12(5), 831-879.

 

 

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